Calotropis gigantea is mainly used in africa and southeast asia by immigrants from india, and the uses have thus spread. Preliminary phytochemical screening and gc ms issn profiling. Calotropis is used as a traditional medicinal plant with unique properties. The whole plant is used for skin diseases, boils and sores and as a tonic and purgative in small doses, and as an emetic in larger doses. It is noted for its upright growth, milky sap, pale purple or white crown. Comparative gcms analysis of bioactive compounds in. Study on antibacterial activity of calotropis procera peerj. Mustard seeds in ayurvedic medicine interventions obes diabetes.
Calotropis gigantea is a well known medicinal herb commonly known as madar has been used in unani, ayurveda, and siddha system of medicine for years. Introduction the indian subcontinent is rich in medicinal plants and is one of the richest countries in terms of genetic diversity of medicinal plants. The important properties of the calotropeols have been studied. Browse pictures and read growth cultivation information about calotropis species, crown flower, giant calotrope, giant milkweed, swallowwort calotropis gigantea supplied by member gardeners in. Although transcriptomic studies have been conducted in other cardenolideproducing species, no nuclear genome assembly for an asterid cardenolideproducing species has been reported to date. Calotropis gigantea or what is commonly known as the giant milkweed is a very familiar plant to all of us at times seen as a weed. Review of literature ayurvedic system of medicine is widely practised and accepted by an estimated 65% of the population in rural areas in india. Calotropis gigantea seeds, giant milkweed giant milkweed, crown flower tree seeds pillpack by amazon pharmacy. Preliminary phytochemical screening and gc ms issn. Ali is a xerophytic shrub and calotropis gigantea verna. Indroda park, ayurvedic udyan about calotropis gigantea plant.
Department of agriculture agricultural research service. India is the largest producer of medicinal herbs and is appropriately called the botanical garden of the world. Calotropis gigantea has great medicinal importance to treat fever, indigestion, cold, cough, cardio tonic, asthma, scabies etc. Antimicrobial activity and phytochemical analysis of. Calotropis gigantea, the crown flower, is a species of calotropis native to cambodia, indonesia, malaysia, the philippines, citation needed thailand, sri lanka, india, china, pakistan, nepal, and tropical africa it is a large shrub growing to 4 m ft tall. Since ancient times, people have used medicinal plants to treat varied diseases. Calotropis gigantea arka uses, dose, side effects, ayurveda. It is widely used in many ayurvedic treatments, both externally ksharasutra and internally. Calotropis is a shrub or tree with lavender flowers and corklike bark. In africa, medicinal uses of calotropis procera are manifold and are rather similar to those of calotropis gigantea l. Calotropis procera a plant of traditional medicine in india. The ethno medicinal uses of the former species in orissa are also incorporated. The leaves of calotropis gigantea are traditionally used in the treatment of paralysis, arthralegia, swellings.
Calotropis gigantea is a common wasteland weed and known for various medicinal properties. Despite serious safety concerns, calotropis is used for digestive disorders including diarrhea. Pharmacognostic standardization of leaves of calotropis. As vicki from tampa writes, cats like tropical milkweed and native milkweed better than the tough leaves of calotropis, but ill continue to grow it for its beauty. Calotropis a medicinal plant of family asclepiadaceae has been utilized in ayurveda, unani, siddha and many other traditional systems to cure diseases. It has been reported as a traditional folkloric medicine for a variety of ailments.
Phytochemical investigation of different plant parts of. As an important medicinal shrub and a fiber resource plant, there is an urgent need for developing molecular markers to facilitate breeding and genetic improvement of varieties. Calotropis was formerly placed in the family asclepiadaceae the milkweed family, which is now considered a subfamily of the apocynaceae stevens, 2012. Medicinal uses of calotropis gigantea leaves dosha balancing property. Calotropis procera a plant of traditional medicine in. Traditionally calotropis is used alone or with other medicinals caius 1986 to treat common. Their distribution in india, botany, physical and chemical properties of the plant parts are provided. It also has tannins, latex, rubber and a dye that are used in industrial practices. Antimicrobial activity and phytochemical analysis of calotropis. Calotropis gigantea commonly known as mudar or yercum belongs to the family asclepiadaceae and is a shrub about 6 m high which is widely distributed in eastern and southern parts of india3. It strongly recommended in leprosy, hepatic and splenic enlargements, dropsy and worms. Sep 22, 2015 the sodom apple calotropis gigantea, a member of the asclepiadaceae family, is a large evergreen shrub native to continental asia and northern africa. Two pills are taken twice daily for 3 days to cure malaria 57. Biological morphology and ethanopharmocological importance.
It may even help us change our opinion about the plant. The antiinflammatory nature of arka helps us treat inflammatory diseases such as gout and rheumatism. Calotropis gigantea madar bark calotropis has been used with marked success in the treatment of syphilis following mercury. Traditional medicinal uses the medicinal value of calotropis procera have been describe in older pharmacopeia.
We do not intend the plant list to be complete for names of infraspecific rank. The apocynaceae is a large family of plants including 415 genera and about 4555 species distributed largely throughout the tropics but also in warm temperate climates. Calotropis gigantea, phytochemical screening, gcms analysis. Its a statuesque plant that likes part shade, sandy soil, and fairly dry conditions. Calotropis procera are widely used traditional medicinal plant to treat various ailments.
The present study was carried out to evaluate the antioxidant and antibacterial activity of leaves extracts of calotropis procera and calotropis gigantea and characterization of their bioactive metabolites by fourier transform infrared ftir spectroscopy and gas chromatographymass spectroscopy gcms. The species of hemidesmus, gymnema, pergularia, etc. The plant has oval, light green leaves and milky stem. The ethnomedicinal uses of the former species in orissa are also incorporated. Phytochemical properties of root and latex of calotropis gigantea obtain from n. Calotropis belongs to asclepiadaceae or milkweed or ak family which includes 280 genera and 2,000 species of worldwide distribution but most abundant in the subtropics and tropics, and rare in cold countries.
In this study, using the illumina high throughput sequencing. Growing calotropis gigantea in the villages, fl zone 9a. Calotropis is also found in most part of world with warm climate, dry, alkaline and sandy soil. Calotropis gigantea, commonly called crown flower or giant milkweed, is a large shrub or small tree that is native to india, southern china, malaysia and indonesia, but has been extensively cultivated in tropical areas around the world. Medicinal properties of these plants are due to the presence of secondary metabolites which are implicated in most plants therapeutic activities1. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. An recent approach on calotropis gigantea and calotropis procera. Antimicrobial activity and phytochemical analysis of calotropis gigantea root, latex extracts. A downloadable pdf document of a book in prepublication awaiting illustration. An excellent, if rather terse, guide to the traditional medicinal uses of the plants of the region the leaf juice is used in the treatment of intermittent fever.
All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. Presented by medit calotropis gigantea madar bark calotropis has been used with marked success in the treatment of syphilis following mercury. Affordable and search from millions of royalty free images, photos and vectors. The plant list includes a further 2 scientific plant names of infraspecific rank for the genus calotropis. It has clusters of waxy flowers that are either white or lavender in colour. It is commonly available in two varieties that is calotropis procera purpleflowered and calotropis gigantea whiteflowered. The wood yields a fibrous substance that is used for rope, fishing line and thread. Calotropis gigantea gigantic swallow wort in hyderabad im img 82. In vitro anticandida activity of calotropis gigantea against clinical isolates of candida.
Calotropis is primarily harvested because of its distinctive medicinal properties. Antibacterial activity of aqueous extract of calotropis. Calotropis gigantea in the germplasm resources information network grin, u. Calotropis gigantea crown flower is a species of calotropis native to cambodia, indonesia, malaysia, philippines. The leaves are sessile and subsessile, opposite, ovate, cordate at the base. Madar or arka is a medicinal plant which is found as weed throughout india in wastelands, open areas and arid region.
Calotropis gigantea homoeopathic materia medica by. Information from its description page there is shown below. Calotropis gigantea is an evergreen tree growing to 5 m 16ft by 6 m 19ft at a fast rate. The milky white endogenous latex, produced by the plant in appreciable amount, exhibits a variety of. Calotropis is a genus of plants that produce milky sap hence also commonly called milkweed. In nepal, the latex is applied to sprains, body pains, boils and. It is widely used in many ayurvedic treatments, both externally ksharasutra and. Comparative botanical and phytochemical evaluation of calotropis. An excellent, if rather terse, guide to the traditional medicinal uses of the plants of the region. Calotropis gigantea is a plant that lives in tropical and subtropical regions and is commonly found in indonesia, china, burma, bangladesh, india, philippines, pakistan, thailand and sri lanka. In view of reducing the cost of treatment for diabetes mellitus, there is considerable research for herbal production as antidiabetics and around 12000 plants have been reported to possess antidiabetic property.
Aak, madar plant calotropis gigantea is a perennial shrub used in purgation and vomiting therapy. The shrub is considered a weed in its native india but has also been used traditionally as a medicinal plant. Preliminary phytochemical screening of calotropis gigantea. Shrivastava, suchita singh, sanchita singh department of botany and biotechnology govt. This milkweed family member typically grows to 815 tall. Calotropis species, crown flower, giant calotrope, giant. The latex is applied to painful joints and swelling, fresh leaves are also use for the same purpose. Chemical constituents and uses of calotropis procera and.
The qualitative phytochemical properties of plant sample are given in. Aak, madar calotropis gigantea uses, benefits and dosage. The medicinal potential of calotropis procera has been known to traditional systems of medicine for a while now with its leaves being widely used. Calotropis gigantea asclepiadaceae is a glabrous or hoary, laticiferous shrubs or small trees, commonly known as the swallowwort or milkweed. Calotropis gigantea or medicinal crown flower over white background. Genome assembly and annotation of the medicinal plant. In the secondary symptoms of syphilis, where mercury has. Calotropis is used as a traditional medicinal plant. It exhibits a wide range in topography and climate. The aim of the present study was to screen leaves of calotropis gigantea for the antimicrobial activity against clinical isolates of bacteria. Methanolic root extract of calotropis g igantea induces.
The latex ofcalotropis gigantea contains 1 resinols as esters of steamvolatile fatty acids acetic and isovaleric, 2 cardiac poisons similar to usharin and 3 calcium oxalate. International research journal of pharmaceutical and. Calotropis gigantea, the crown flower, is a species of calotropis native to cambodia, indonesia, malaysia, the philippines, citation needed thailand, sri lanka, india, china, pakistan, nepal, and tropical africa. Calotropis gigantea, bioactive compounds, gcms, leaf, latex. Calotropis gigantea arka uses, dose, side effects, ayurveda details calotropis gigantea is known as arka in sanskrit. The root and latex of calotropis gigantea were screened for its antimicrobial and phytochemical activities. Phytochemical investigation of different plant parts of calotropis procera a. Introduction medicinal plants are the gifts of the nature which are widely used to cure a number of diseases. Calotropis gigantea grows to a height of 8 to 10 ft 2.
The resinol portion consists mainly of two new alcohols. Prolonged observation of the plant can give us some insights. Calotropis gigantea called swetarka and calotropis procera called raktarka. Antimicrobial activity of latex of calotropis gigantea against pathogenic microorganismsan in vitro study. Your medication, delivered learn more have a question. Calotropis procera asclepiadaceae is a wild shrub, which grows up to a height of m and its leaves are 10 cm wide by 1719 cm long. The use of the plants, plant extracts, and pure compounds isolated from natural sources has always provided a foundation for modern pharmaceutical compounds. Roots, stem bark, latex, leaves and flowers are all used in many and varied ways in traditional medicine. Calotropis gigantea and calotropis procera aiton w. This page was last edited on 8 january 2016, at 11.
Species of calotropis not widely recognized showed different. In current scenario of medical and pharmaceutical advancement, microbes. Calotropis gigantea belongs to family asclepiadaceae. The ayurveda medicine system and medicinal plants help to meet their primary health care needs farnsworth et al. Due to the various uses of caloptropis procera and c. Calotropis gigantea giant milkweed, crown flower, giant. Plant details information about calotropis gigantea plant. The ark plant with white flowers is a superior variety and is referred to as calotropis procera. The flowers are pollinated by bees, butterflies, wasps.
These are primarily included because names of species rank are. Calotropis gigantea produces specialized secondary metabolites known as cardenolides, which have anticancer and antimalarial properties. Calotropis gigantea large milkweed leaves for caterpillars. Phytochemical analysis, antibacterial and antioxidant. The latex of calotropis gigantea contains cardio glycosides, volatile fatty acids and calcium oxalate. Asclepiadaceae, commonly known as milkweed or swallowwort, is a common wasteland weed singh et al. May 31, 2014 madar or arka is a medicinal plant which is found as weed throughout india in wastelands, open areas and arid region. Phytochemical properties of leaf of calotropis gigantea obtained from methanol and petroleum ether extracts were investigated. It is commonly referred to as ark, swallowwart or milkweed and it occurs frequently in indonesia, malaysia, china, and the indian subcontinent as wasteland weed. Ogg multiplexed audiovideo file, theoravorbis, length 14 s, 720. Chemical composition of calotropis gigantea springerlink.
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